Rather than arguing whether Open or Closed is the best, Professor Oshima points out that both strategies are useful. For new markets, an Open strategy is frequently more successful in order to build adoption of a new technology. On the other hand, a Closed strategy is frequently more successful for mature markets in order to monetize technology for the long term.
We see this in AI now, where startup AI companies are burning through vast amounts of cash to capture market share, and users should expect to pay much more for the AI services as the technology matures.
Science Tokyo was formed in 2024 by the merger of the Tokyo Institute of Technology and the Tokyo Medical and Dental University. Science Tokyo is an elite university that has been a Designated National University by the Ministry of Education and Technology. In December, 2025, the Ministry recommended Science Tokyo as a “University for International Research Excellence,” and confirmation is expected soon. Science Tokyo will be only the second university in Japan to receive this recognition.